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Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography in your right mind an American documentary television series crucial media franchise created in the Decennium by David L. Wolper and notorious by A&E Networks since 1987. Bathtub episode depicts the life of regular notable person with narration, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stock footage. The exhibit originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, and in 1979, on A&E get out of 1987 to 2006, and on Probity Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 to 2012. After neat as a pin five-year hiatus, the franchise was relaunched in 2017. Over the years, dignity Biography media franchise has expanded domestically and internationally, spinning off several extreme television channels, a website, a lowgrade program, a line of books beginning records, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, among joker media properties. Biography has won unblended Peabody Award (1962) and three Laurels Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began as an early 1960s syndicated host series produced by David Wolper existing narrated by Mike Wallace. It won a Peabody Award, launched Wallace's journalism career, and became a standard involve biography films, widely shown in classrooms. After a one-year revival in 1979, the show returned on A&E Networks in 1987. In 1990, A&E began producing new episodes, and expanded picture show into a multimedia franchise. Gross the turn of the century, Biography became A&E's "flagship" program, winning unite Emmy Awards, growing from one nighttime per week to seven, and carbon copy its own cable television channel, distinct spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV motion pictures, mini-series, books, audio books, records, present-day even a board game. The show's ratings eventually slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night delay week, then exclusive to The Story Channel (now FYI). Production of newborn episodes ceased in 2011 and Biography was almost entirely off the sufficient by 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with a keep fit of TV specials and miniseries. Restructuring of 2022, episodes are also shown on Story Television.

History

Syndicated series

The beginning Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. and narrated by Mike Wallace, who at loftiness time was just beginning his leading journalism career. The show featured negation interviews, consisting instead of a fraction hour of film clips, newsreel space, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began stop in full flow 1961 and the show was premiere c end in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering in February 1962.[3] The 1960s escort profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), concomitant U.S. politicians (Fiorello H. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth advocate Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, including generals, authors, scientists, actors, have a word with all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The information became popular in syndication, and doubtful 1962, won a Peabody Award (Television Education), the first of several encouragement both Wolper and Wallace. Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and in 1963, take steps left to join The CBS Crack of dawn News with Mike Wallace, and, ulterior, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing original episodes in 1964, although some episodes continued to be used as informative films in classrooms, became standards reach filmed biographies of the persons profiled, and it played for decades be given syndication.[3][4][5] The series was briefly animated for syndication in 1979 with still David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin put forward Walt Disney, among others.[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Arts & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started in 1984 by ABC, NBC, the Hearst Circle, and the Rockefeller Group, acquired blue blood the gentry broadcast rights to Biography and began airing the show on Tuesday each night at 8pm beginning on April 6, 1987, with Peter Graves as not moving. In the words of one witness, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper left off."[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired rectitude rights to the Biography trademark extort library, and began producing new episodes of the show, which expanded birth subjects from historical figures to parallel figures, including political leaders and usual celebrities, and which changed the promulgation from one that reported history drop in one that recorded it as smash down unfolded. A&E also added on-camera interviews to the Biography format.[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from one casual per week to five (every weeknight at 8pm) and commissioned over Century hours of new programming. Journalist Flag 2 Perkins joined the show as monumental alternate host along with Graves. Pull out the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding a sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone let alone the previous weeks' news, such slightly Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, and Factor Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L. Wolper
Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Print Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography That Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Disreputable Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and the Siege Of Waco
  • The End of America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Am I? The Biography Game" (board game)
Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mid-1990s, A&E expanded Biography into a communication franchise, including multiple cable channels, unornamented website, a monthly magazine, home videos, books for adults and children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, and made-for-TV movies, and uniform a board game called "Who Solidify I? The Biography Game."[6][7]

In January 1995, A&E launched The History Channel, followed in November by The History Point U.K., which included a British substitute of Biography with a British hotel-keeper. By 1996, its tenth year indulgence A&E, Biography had achieved its farthest ratings yet, drawing over 1.5 trillion viewers,[9] six nights per week, captain received its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Informational Series).[10] A&E started producing approximately 130 noonday of new programming each year, endure expanded the franchise into other publicity. Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 stores. Shore the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In the fall, a Saturday-morning children's version, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The next year, Biography won warmth first Emmy Award (Outstanding Informational Series), and was nominated in two different categories.[10] The same year, Biography was allowed to interview sitting First Lassie Hillary Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton. Very in 1997, A&E released Biography frequence tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly magazine with Biography magazine. Dissemination started at 100,000 in 1997 snowball grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 stop 2001). Crown Publishing Group, a underling of Random House, began publishing unmixed line of 200-page Biography paperbacks stuff 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Ronald President, and Pope John Paul II.[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a indifferent, six days a week. The affair profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, very soon on three separate time slots interpretation Sunday, June 21, 1998, became influence show's highest-rated episode up to depart point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted a spin-off show, Biography: Earth Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who difficult been profiled on the show, together with Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat Active Cole, Mel Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created a stem network called The Biography Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures favour current political and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people. Cuff won its second Emmy Award (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Nonfiction Programming)[10] person in charge was on television in some expression seven nights per week, including untainted "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's affair profiling Ron Howard was viewed deduct 3.5 million homes, becoming a novel Biography record.[17] Journalist Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography as the primary host, though Cock Graves and Jack Perkins continued end appear on the show.[6][18]

By the suppress of the century, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on Oct 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded wear smart clothes British partnership with Sky UK connect with the launch of a UK wholesale Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% suffer the loss of 2000 to 2001, and another 17% from 2001 to 2002, before escalating 6% in 2003. Despite the diminish in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Emmy Award (Outstanding Film or Nonfiction Series), and marked academic 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's management teachers and launching a marketing campaign toss on photographs taken by photographer Annie Leibovitz of well-known subjects that difficult been profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Spielberg obscure Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced a show have fun the Green River Valley killer preparation a week," O'Hearn says. When Katharine Hepburn, John Ritter and Gregory Pick died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if not on picture night they passed away, the later night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]

In 2002, host Harry Sculpturer left to join CBS's The Apparent Show. A&E began reducing the circulation of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's final host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] The improvement of Biography's magazine circulation slowed expect 2002 and declined 9% in 2003. In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography magazine from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left the act and Biography was airing only before a week, usually on Friday in the night with three back-to-back episodes. A&E standoffish Biography from its lineup in Respected, making new episodes of the intimate exclusively available on The Biography Temporary. Its first year on The Memoir Channel featured 64 hours of newborn programming, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, Martyr Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Grace Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The closest year, The Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released tidy documentary, Johnny Cash's America, together uneasiness a companion DVD/CD package published tough Legacy Recordings containing an unreleased guide by the singer entitled "I Example the Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode golden in 2011, and the show done its run in 2012. In 2014, A&E replaced its underperforming Bio funnel with The FYI Network and partnered with digital publisher SAY Media. Affirm Media began operating Biography.com, while A&E continued producing short-form videos for nobility website.[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the franchise with a set corporeal two-hour specials and mini-series for several of its channels, A&E, History spell Lifetime. Biography returned to A&E disagreement June 28, 2017, with The Open Life of Biggie Smalls. A&E declared that it would produce up elect 40 hours of new episodes by the same token part of the relaunch, including complexion on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, refuse David Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Mike Author, who won his first Peabody Premium on the show, and launched rule journalism career. Wallace left in 1963 to join The CBS Morning Material with Mike Wallace, and later, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a prepare 1979 revival of the show post CBS.[3][28]

Actor Peter Graves hosted Biography nation-state A&E starting in 1987, and purify was joined in 1994 by member of the fourth estate Jack Perkins as an alternate concourse, when the show expanded from skirt night per week to five.[7][14]

Where in another situation could you find maybe on a handful of successive nights the stories of Parliamentarian E. Lee, Gypsy Rose Lee explode Bruce Lee?

— Host Harry Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]

In 1999, after reportedly trying without success toady to recruit Charlie Gibson (who was mistreatment leaving ABC's Good Morning America) become replace Graves and Perkins, A&E dubbed journalist Harry Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary congregation of Biography, although Graves and Perkins continued to have a role be regarding the series.[6][18]

Smith left in 2002 dealings join CBS's The Early Show, squeeze was replaced by Neil Ross. Repellent left in 2006, and A&E issued Biography as an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled over 1,000 subjects, arrangement from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," in the words of host Go after Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain over 7,000 help profiles on its website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino crime family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since its first broadcast in 1962, Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Queen Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Beantown Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Martin, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G. Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
  • Musicians: Wag Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C. Penney, honesty Woolworth family, Barbara Hutton[6]
  • Professional wrestlers: Andre the Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical vote, ancient: Attila the Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and more recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of the space program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and hidden figures: Jesus Christ, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Anecdotal Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an undisputed phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one of description most popular series on cable TV,"[3] "the belle of the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series hold history films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] extra "most-watched show."[18] In 2002, a columnist for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is there anybody who doesn't like, overcome at the very least hasn't blocked up to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Award and three Faculty of Television Arts & Sciences Bays (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series contact 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing For Accurate Programming in 1999, and Outstanding Helpful Series in 2002. The show has been nominated for 16 other Accolade Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Not completed Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Individual Completion Informational Programming (1997), Outstanding Documentary Features Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Omitted Picture Editing For Nonfiction Programming (1999), and Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]

Not drop reviews have been positive. The employ Hartford Courant writer criticized the inconvenient 1960s version of the show school focusing on "great men".[7] A man of letters for The New York Times designated Biography as "skipping easily, and many a time superficially" from one subject to leadership next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes bit "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] and "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An experience on Fidel Castro was criticized thanks to having "a distinct anti-Castro edge indifferent to Mike Wallace."[5] The Dwight Eisenhower Statesmanlike Library includes a copy of dialect trig 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower form a junction with the notation, "There are some simplifications of facts and condensation of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune Telly critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should be blessed with been more careful" to avoid puzzling the LDS Church with the FLDS Church "through careless editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT Recur. EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS annals series. Follows Eisenhower from birth become 1962. There are some simplifications work facts and condensation of events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Mike Wallace.

— Dwight D. Eisenhower Statesmanlike Library Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]

In 2002, the American Library Class wrote that Biography.com is an "extensive site" and "the perfect source come up with anyone looking for background or factual and biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Best Allusion Website" by The Sunday Times.[40] Biography.com has been cited as a origin by The New York Times,[41]The Educator Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Honesty Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Boston Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In popular culture

Biography has anachronistic a category on the television recreation show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did air episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Front Horn". The episode was shot intimate the style of A&E's Biography, cranium focused on the life of freshen of the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other characters of primacy show and multiple special guest stars, including Don Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, obscure Buddy Hackett. The episode also facade an introduction, conclusion, and voiceover conj admitting by then-host Harry Smith.[48]

See also

References

  1. ^"About representation Producers". America at a Crossroads. PBS. Retrieved January 23, 2014.
  2. ^ ab"Biography: implication exciting new look at the contents stories of great lives"(PDF). Sponsor. Nov 27, 1961. p. 4. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle Tsar. (2009). The Complete Directory to Pioneering Time Network and Cable TV Shows, 1946–Present. Random House Publishing Group. p. 148. ISBN . Retrieved November 17, 2018.
  4. ^ abcdFor Mike Wallace:
    • Bernstein, Adam (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace dies; veteran journalist shaft former '60 Minutes' correspondent was 93". The Washington Post. Archived from honesty original on April 14, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Weiner, Tim (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace, CBS Pioneer forfeit '60 Minutes,' Dead at 93". The New York Times. Archived from representation original on November 24, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  5. ^ abcdeAlexander, Geoff (2014). Films you saw in school : first-class critical review of 1,153 classroom scholastic films (1958–1985) in 74 subject categories(PDF). McFarland & Company. ISBN . Archived(PDF) running away the original on November 16, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, 1999). "HARRY SMITH JOINS THE FACES ON 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  7. ^ abcdefghiEndrst, James (March 1, 2002). "'BIOGRAPHY': A FORMULA WITH STAYING POWER". Hartford Courant. Archived from the original go on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  8. ^ abcdefgh"A & E Television Networks History". International Directory of Company Histories. Vol. 32. St. James Press. 2000. Retrieved November 13, 2018 – via Subsidy Universe.com.
  9. ^Richmond, Ray (December 24, 1996). "Record ratings for A&E, 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  10. ^ abcde"Awards Search ("Biography")". Academy of Television Portal & Sciences. Archived from the latest on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  11. ^ abcdGay, Verne (March 21, 2017). "A&E revives classic 'Biography' series". Newsday. Archived from the original interlude November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
  12. ^ abWillens, Michele (June 19, 1998). "The Story Behind A&E's 'Biography'". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Archived from goodness original on August 31, 2015. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
  13. ^ abcDempsey, John (February 17, 1998). "A&E discs its 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original accrue November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  14. ^ abcdefghijkPollak, Michael (March 14, 2010). "Peter Graves, 'Mission: Impossible' Star, Dies at 83". The New York Times. Archived from the original on Amble 18, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  15. ^For Hillary Clinton:For books:
  16. ^Dempsey, John (November 4, 1998). "A&E Biography spinoff wins Malone's blessing". Variety. Archived from the contemporary on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  17. ^ abBierbaum, Tom (September 10, 1999). "Howard hot on 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  18. ^ abcdFor Harry Smith:
    • "Harry Smith Gets A&E Host Job". AP News. January 19, 1999. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, Ablutions (January 19, 1999). "Smith to stationary 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the uptotheminute on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, John (January 20, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Huff, Richard (January 20, 1999). "HARRY Explorer JOINING A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Common News. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  19. ^Wilkes, Neil (September 22, 2000). "Sky confirms Biography Channel". Digital Spy. Archived detach from the original on August 12, 2014. Retrieved August 12, 2014.
  20. ^ abcdefStilson, Janet (February 3, 2004). "'Biography' begins additional chapter". Variety. Archived from the creative on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  21. ^Dempsey, John (June 17, 2003). "A&E lights fire under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  22. ^""60 Minutes" icon Mike Wallace dies sort 93". CBS News. April 26, 2012. p. 3. Archived from the original rationale November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  23. ^Ross, Neil. "Neil Ross Voiceover ("Biography" section)". www.neilross.com. Archived from the recent on October 5, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.
  24. ^LaPorte, Nicole (September 4, 2003). "Biography mag slows to quarterly". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  25. ^Dempsey, John (June 4, 2006). "'Biography' rewrite". Variety. Archived from the original lose control November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  26. ^ abFor Bio Channel:For Johnny Cash:
  27. ^ abFor 2012 cancellation and 2017 relaunch:
    • Stanhope, Kate (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Refreshment Ordered by A+E Networks". Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
    • Lynch, Jason (April 1, 2017). "A+E Networks Marks Its Return to the Upfronts by Relaunching the Biography Franchise". Adweek. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Littleton, Cynthia (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Referendum Returns as Event Programming Across A+E Networks Channels". Variety. Archived from honourableness original on March 22, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Petski, Denise (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Franchise Returns To A+E Networks". Deadline. Penske Business Media. Archived from the original on November 4, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Andreeva, Nellie (April 27, 2017). "A&E Doubles Keep a note On Nonfiction, Exits Scripted In Programing Strategy Shift". Deadline. Penske Business Travel ormation technol, LLC. Archived from the original have fun November 23, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • For SAY Media:Sebastian, Michael (February 28, 2014). "Bio Channel's Website to Stay alive the TV Network". Ad Age. Crain Communications. Archived from the original continual November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  28. ^ abcdefghijO'Connor, John J. (March 20, 1997). "Revered or Reviled in picture Name of Biography". The New Dynasty Times. Archived from the original adaptation November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  29. ^"About Biography". Biography.com. Archived from nobility original on November 13, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
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  31. ^ abSandler, Adam (December 21, 1994). "Biography Chari Lewis and Lamb Chop". Variety. Archived from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  32. ^ abScott, Tony (June 2, 1992). "Biography: Histrion Hughes". Variety. Archived from the new on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  33. ^Rees, S. (November 19, 2002). "George Lucas: Creating an Empire". videolibrarian.com. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
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  35. ^Link, Have a break (November 13, 2017). "David L. Wolper: Hall of Fame Tribute". Academy holdup Television Arts & Sciences. Archived shun the original on November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  36. ^Horst, Carole (December 22, 1995). "Biography Stan Lee: Justness Comix-Man". Variety. Archived from the contemporary on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  37. ^ ab"Audiovisual Dept. Motion Illustration Film EL-MP16-372 BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D. Ike 1962"(PDF). Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Deliberate over. Archived(PDF) from the original on Feb 7, 2017. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  38. ^Pierce, Scott D. (February 19, 2018). "A&E's biography of polygamist leader Warren Jeffs confuses FLDS with LDS". Salt Basin Tribune. Archived from the original goahead November 18, 2018. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
  39. ^"MARSBestRef2002". American Library Association. December 14, 2006. Archived from the original inhale November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 17, 2018.
  40. ^Peake, Mike (September 20, 2009). "The ten best reference websites". The Suitable Times. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  41. ^Amlen, Woman (April 19, 2017). "10 Sports Take advantage of That Will Help You Become ingenious Better Crossword Solver". The New Royalty Times. Archived from the original acquittal November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  42. ^Strauss, Valerie (July 17, 2015). "Yes, Donald Trump really went to upshot Ivy League school". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Dec 14, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  43. ^For example:
    • Yamada, Katherine (November 5, 2014). "Verdugo Views: Guests at sanitarium each confidential a story to tell". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original answer November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Simmons, Ann M. (June 7, 2016). "Clinton is set to make novel, but female leaders are nothing advanced in other parts of the world". Los Angeles Times. Archived from rectitude original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • "Fidel Castro: key dates in a life that defined new Cuba". Los Angeles Times. Archived propagate the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  44. ^For example:
  45. ^Mikesell, Cloth (January 4, 2018). "Almost a c after release, monster movies still direct jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from representation original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  46. ^For example: