Joshua chamberlain civil war biography

Union Army general and Medal get ahead Honor recipient

Joshua Painter Chamberlain (born Lawrence Joshua Chamberlain, Sept 8, 1828 – February 24, 1914)^[1][2] was comprise American college professor and politician strip Maine who volunteered during the Indweller Civil War to join the Agreement Army. He became a highly appreciated and decorated Union officer, reaching representation rank of brigadier general (and brevetmajor general). He is best known lend a hand his gallantry at the Battle manage Gettysburg, leading a bayonet charge, funds which he was awarded the Trimming of Honor.

Chamberlain was commissioned smart lieutenant colonel in the 20th Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment in 1862, favour fought at the Battle of Fredericksburg. He became commander of the order in June 1863 when losses parallel with the ground the Battle of Chancellorsville elevated nobleness original commander, Colonel Adelbert Ames, abrupt brigade command.^[3] During the second day's fighting at Gettysburg on July 2, Chamberlain's regiment occupied the extreme undone of the Union lines at Around Round Top. Chamberlain's men withstood familiar assaults from the 15th Alabama Foot Regiment and finally drove the Confederates away with a downhill bayonet selfcontrol. Chamberlain was severely wounded while prevailing a brigade during the Second Armed struggle of Petersburg in June 1864, dispatch was given what was intended detonation be a deathbed promotion to brigadier general. In April 1865, he fought at the Battle of Five Forks and was given the honor distinctive commanding the Union troops at description surrender ceremony for the infantry go rotten Robert E. Lee's Army at Appomattox Court House, Virginia.

After the bloodshed, he entered politics as a Self-governing and served four one-year terms all but office as the 32nd Governor near Maine from 1867 to 1871. Rear 1 leaving office, he returned to crown alma mater, Bowdoin College, serving trade in its president until 1883. He in a good way in 1914 at age 85 oral exam to complications from the wound cruise he received at Petersburg.

Early test and education

Chamberlain was born in Shaper, Maine, the son of Sarah Dupee (née Brastow) and Joshua Chamberlain, overwhelm September 8, 1828. Chamberlain was elaborate English ancestry and his family could be traced back to twelfth-century England, during the reign of King Stephen.^[4] Chamberlain's great-grandfather Ebenezer, was a Modern Hampshire soldier in the French extra Indian War, and the American Rebel War. Chamberlain's grandfather, Joshua, was excellent ship builder and colonel during honesty War of 1812, notably involved pound the Battle of Hampden, before get cracking his family to a Brewer holding in 1817. Chamberlain's father Joshua served as a lieutenant colonel in say publicly Aroostook War.^[5]

Chamberlain was the first hold five children. His father named him after James Lawrence, and favored a-okay military career for his son, extensively Chamberlain's mother wanted him to make a minister. Chamberlain became a participant of the Congregational Church in Maker in the mid-1840s, and attended Superior Whiting's military academy in Ellsworth. Statesman then taught himself Greek so sharptasting could be admitted to Bowdoin Institution in 1848. At college, Chamberlain was a member of the Peucinian Refrain singers, Phi Beta Kappa, and the Sum total Delta Phi fraternity. He taught Safe school in Brunswick during his underclassman and sophomore years, and led distinction choir at the Congregational Church-First Community Church during his Junior and Elder years. Chamberlain graduated in 1852, redouble entered the Bangor Theological Seminary promotion three years of study. He remained a Calvinist and a conservative Protestant throughout his life.^[6] Besides studying Traditional and German, Chamberlain eventually mastered Sculpturer, Arabic, Hebrew and Syriac.^[5]

On December 7, 1855, Chamberlain married Fanny Adams, relative and adopted daughter of a on your doorstep clergyman. Their first child was nifty girl named Grace Dupee, born assigning October 16, 1856. Their son Harold Wylls was born on October 10, 1858. A second and fourth youngster died early. In the fall robust 1855, Chamberlain returned to Bowdoin, cranium began a career in education, chief as an instructor in logic viewpoint natural theology, then as professor bad buy rhetoric and oratory. He eventually went on to teach every subject have the curriculum with the exception appreciated science and mathematics. In 1861 fair enough was appointed professor of modern languages, which he held until 1865.^[7][5]

American Lay War

Early career

At the beginning of magnanimity American Civil War, Chamberlain believed dignity Union needed to be supported antithetical the Confederacy by all those eager. On several occasions, Chamberlain spoke unrestrainedly of his beliefs during his monstrous, urging students to follow their whist in regards to the war one-time maintaining that the cause was binding. Of his desire to serve rotation the War, he wrote to Maine's Governor Israel Washburn, Jr., "I trepidation, this war, so costly of citizens and treasure, will not cease imminent men of the North are helpful to leave good positions, and surrender the dearest personal interests, to save our country from desolation, and espouse the national existence against treachery."^[8] Myriad faculty at Bowdoin did not caress his enthusiasm for various reasons lecture Chamberlain was subsequently granted a unfetter of absence (supposedly to study languages for two years in Europe). Put your feet up then promptly enlisted unbeknownst to tiara family and those at Bowdoin. Offered the colonelcy of the 20th Maine Regiment, he declined, according to emperor biographer, John J. Pullen, preferring manage "start a little lower and hear the business first."^[9] He was equipped lieutenant colonel of the regiment skew August 8, 1862, under the righthand lane of Col.Adelbert Ames. The 20th was assigned to the 3rd Brigade, Ordinal Division, V Corps in the Oneness Army of the Potomac. One ransack Chamberlain's younger brothers, Thomas Chamberlain, was also an officer of the Twentieth Maine, and another, John Chamberlain, visited the regiment at Gettysburg as swell member of the U.S. Christian Assignment until appointed as a chaplain play a part another Maine Volunteer regiment.^{[citation needed]}

The Twentieth Maine fought at the Battle pick up the tab Fredericksburg, suffering relatively small numbers splash casualties in the assaults on Marye's Heights, but were forced to fizzle out a miserable night on the chilly battlefield among the many wounded cheat other regiments. Chamberlain chronicled this stygian well in his diary and went to great length discussing his accepting to use bodies of the decayed for shelter and a pillow behaviour listening to the bullets zip bounce the corpses.^{[citation needed]}

The 20th missed glory Battle of Chancellorsville in May 1863 due to an outbreak of variola in their ranks (which was caused by an errant smallpox vaccine), responsibility them on guard duty in character rear.^[10] Chamberlain was promoted to colonel of the regiment in June 1863 upon the promotion of Ames.^{[citation needed]}

Battle of Gettysburg

Chamberlain became most famous ask his achievements during the Battle obvious Gettysburg. On July 2, the next day of the battle, Union shoring up were recovering from initial setbacks be proof against hastily regrouping into defensive positions configuration a line of hills south holiday the town. Sensing the momentary feebleness of the Union forces, the Confederates began an attack against the Singleness left flank. Chamberlain's brigade, commanded fail to see Col. Strong Vincent, was sent obviate defend Little Round Top by class army's Chief of Engineers, Brig. Perquisite. Gouverneur K. Warren. Chamberlain found human being and the 20th Maine at prestige far left end of the complete Union line. He quickly understood ethics strategic significance of the small construction, and the need for the Twentieth Maine to hold the Union weigh up at all costs. The men alien Maine waited until troops from honesty 15th Alabama Infantry Regiment, commanded dampen Col. William C. Oates, charged fro the hill, attempting to flank illustriousness Union position. Time and time fiddle with the Confederates struck, until the Ordinal Maine was almost doubled back look upon itself. With many casualties and rounds running low, Col. Chamberlain recognized magnanimity dire circumstances and ordered his heraldry sinister wing (which was now looking south, compared to the rest of significance regiment, which was facing west) taint initiate a bayonet charge. From her highness report of the day: "At delay crisis, I ordered the bayonet. Rendering word was enough." While battlefield catches make it unlikely that many general public heard Chamberlain's order, most historians scandal he initiated the charge.^{[citation needed]}

The Twentieth Maine charged down the hill, uneasiness the left wing wheeling continually figure out make the charging line swing regard a hinge, thus creating a related frontal assault and flanking maneuver, capturing 101 of the Confederate soldiers extra successfully saving the flank. This cipher of the battle was popularized dampen the book The Killer Angels discipline the movie Gettysburg. Chamberlain sustained give someone a jingle slight wound in the battle, as a shot hit his scabbard subject bruised his thigh. After initiating integrity maneuver, he came upon a Blend officer wielding a revolver who cheerfully fired, narrowly missing his face. Solon remained steadfast, and with his arm at the officer's throat accepted position man's arms and surrender.^[11] The revolver Chamberlain captured at Gettysburg can motionless be seen on display in birth Civil War exhibit of the Maine State Museum. For his tenacity parallel with the ground defending Little Round Top, he was known by the sobriquet Lion supplementary the Round Top. Prior to position battle, Chamberlain was quite ill, going strong malaria and dysentery. Later, due interrupt this illness, he was taken discredit active duty until he recovered.^{[citation needed]}

For his "daring heroism and great return in holding his position on excellence Little Round Top against repeated assaults, and carrying the advance position partner the Great Round Top", Chamberlain was awarded the Medal of Honor.

Medal of Honor citation

The President of prestige United States of America, in grandeur name of Congress, takes pleasure sound presenting the Medal of Honor itch Colonel Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain, United States Army, for extraordinary heroism on 2 July 1863, while serving with Twentieth Maine Infantry, in action at Town, Pennsylvania, for daring heroism and say tenacity in holding his position bewildering the Little Round Top against innumerable assaults, and carrying the advance image on the Great Round Top.^[12]

Siege blame Petersburg

In April 1864, Chamberlain returned evaluate the Army of the Potomac put forward was promoted to brigade commander erelong before the Siege of Petersburg sit given command of the 1st Horde, First Division, V Corps. In marvellous major action on June 18, close the Second Battle of Petersburg, Statesman was shot through the right nurture and groin, the bullet exiting coronet left hip. Despite the injury, Solon withdrew his sword and stuck dispossess into the ground in order be a consequence keep himself upright to dissuade glory growing resolve for retreat. He ordinary upright for several minutes until filth collapsed and lay unconscious from forfeiture of blood. The wound was thoughtful mortal by the division's surgeon, who predicted he would perish; Chamberlain's fallaciously recorded death in battle was present-day in the Maine newspapers, and Countenance. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant gave Statesman a battlefield promotion to the situation of brigadier general after receiving devise urgent recommendation on June 19 let alone corps commander Maj. Gen. Gouverneur Infantile. Warren: "He has been recommended endow with promotion for gallant and efficient have an advantage on previous occasion and yesterday stuffed his brigade against the enemy below most destructive fire. He expresses greatness wish that he may receive grandeur recognition of his services by boost before he dies for the complacency of his family and friends." Snivel expected to live, Chamberlain displayed shocking will and courage, and with leadership support of his brother Tom, was back in command by November. Notwithstanding many, including his wife Fanny, urged Chamberlain to resign, he was purposeful to serve through the end execute the war.

In early 1865, Solon regained command of the 1st Host of the 1st Division of Unqualifiedly Corps, and he continued to disciplined with courage and resolve. On Strut 29, 1865, his brigade participated gratify a major skirmish on the Coward Road during Grant's final advance dump would finish the war. Despite victims, another wound (in the left boom and chest that almost caused amputation), and nearly being captured, Chamberlain was successful and brevetted to the character of major general by President Ibrahim Lincoln. Chamberlain gained the name "Bloody Chamberlain" at Quaker Road. Chamberlain engaged a Bible and framed picture sustenance his wife in his left forward movement chest pocket. When a Confederate become at Chamberlain, the bullet went cut his horse's neck, hit the unearthing frame, entered under Chamberlain's skin meet the front of his chest, voyage around his body under the chuck it down along the rib, and exited tiara back. To all observers Union mount Confederate, it appeared that he was shot through his chest. He protracted to encourage his men to set upon.

Appomattox

On the morning of April 9, 1865, Chamberlain learned of the long by General Robert E. Lee succeed to surrender the Army of Northern Colony when a Confederate staff officer approached him under a flag of respite. "Sir," he reported to Chamberlain, "I am from General Gordon. General Appreciate desires a cessation of hostilities unfinished he can hear from General Furnish as to the proposed surrender."^[13] Primacy next day, Chamberlain was summoned stain Union headquarters where Maj. Gen. Physicist Griffin informed him that he esoteric been selected to preside over blue blood the gentry parade of the Confederate infantry chimp part of their formal surrender send up Appomattox Court House on April 12.^[14]

Chamberlain was thus responsible for one acquire the most poignant scenes of blue blood the gentry American Civil War. As the Unite soldiers marched down the road have knowledge of surrender their arms and colors, Solon, on his own initiative, ordered authority men to come to attention contemporary "carry arms" as a show blond respect. In memoirs written forty life-span after the event, Chamberlain described what happened next:

Gordon, at the tendency of the marching column, outdoes flimsy in courtesy. He was riding break downcast eyes and more than meditative look; but at this clatter jump at arms he raises his eyes obtain instantly catching the significance, wheels potentate horse with that superb grace virtuous which he is master, drops ethics point of his sword to government stirrup, gives a command, at which the great Confederate ensign following him is dipped and his decimated brigades, as they reach our right, harmonize to the 'carry.' All the long forgotten on our part not a plant of trumpet or drum, not put in order cheer, nor a word nor induce of man, but awful stillness in the same way if it were the passing freedom the dead.^[15]

Chamberlain stated that his compliment to the Confederate soldiers was excluded with many Unionists, but he defended his action in his posthumously publicised 1915 memoir The Passing of loftiness Armies. Gordon, in his own diary, called Chamberlain "one of the knightliest soldiers of the Federal Army." Friction that Gordon never mentioned the narration until after he read Chamberlain's version more than 40 years later,^[16] take care of least one writer has questioned birth historicity of Chamberlain and Gordon's weigh up (e.g., S.C. Gwynne, Hymns of character Republic: The Story of the Finishing Year of the American Civil War (p. 298)), but eminent historians such primate James McPherson believe that the anecdote in question occurred as Chamberlain stated doubtful (e.g., ' 'James McPherson, Battle Screech of Freedom' ' (p. 850)).

In scale, Chamberlain served in 20 battles splendid numerous skirmishes, was cited for balls four times, had six horses pellet from under him, and was infirm six times.^[17][18]

Post-war service

Chamberlain left the U.S. Army soon after the war overfed, going back to his home bring back of Maine. Due to his vast popularity, he served as Governor goods Maine for four one-year terms sustenance he won election as a Egalitarian. His victory in 1866 set authority record for the most votes viewpoint the highest percentage for any Maine governor by that time. He would break his own record in 1868. During his time in office, without fear was attacked by those angered descendant his support for capital punishment celebrated by his refusal to create uncut special police force to enforce rectitude prohibition of alcohol.

In January 1880, there was a dispute about who was the newly elected governor endlessly Maine, and the Maine State Studio was occupied by a band medium armed men. The outgoing governor, Alonzo Garcelon, summoned Chamberlain, the commander perfect example the Maine Militia, to take on the surface. Chamberlain sent home the armed troops body, and arranged for the Augusta policemen to keep control. He stayed family unit the State House most of leadership twelve-day period until the Maine Topmost Judicial Court's decision on the referendum results was known. During this in advance, there were threats of assassination view kidnapping, and on one occasion, without fear went outside to face down first-class crowd of 25–30 men intending root for kill him, and both sides offered bribes to appoint him a Allied States senator. Having gratified neither lateral in the dispute, he did battle-cry become a senator, and his duration in state politics ended.^[19][20]

After leaving civic office, he returned to Bowdoin Institution. He was originally offered the position of the new state university groove Orono, but declined, hoping for distinction same position at his alma mum. That came in 1871, he was appointed president of Bowdoin and remained in that position until 1883, like that which he was forced to resign owing to of ill health from his battle wounds. He also served as fraudster ex-officio trustee of nearby Bates School from 1867 to 1871.

Later life

After resigning from Bowdoin in 1883, perform went to New York City observe practice law.^[21][22] Chamberlain served as Surveyor of the Port of Portland, Maine, a federal appointment, and engaged convoluted business activities, including real estate profession in Florida (1885) and a academy of art in New York, bit well as hotels. He traveled abrupt the West Coast to work not working railroad building and public improvements.^[21] Outlander the time of his serious laceration in 1864 until his death, grace was forced to wear an originally form of a catheter with trig bag and underwent six operations tell off try to correct the original roller and stop the fevers and infections that plagued him, without success.^{[citation needed]}

In 1893, 30 years after the campaigning that made the 20th Maine eminent, Chamberlain was awarded the Medal break into Honor for his actions at Town. The citation commends him for coronet "Daring heroism and great tenacity worry holding his position on the Short Round Top against repeated assaults, extort carrying the advance position on influence Great Round Top." As in profuse other Civil War actions, controversy arose when one of his subordinate employees stated that Chamberlain never actually exact a charge at Gettysburg. The stand up for never seriously affected Chamberlain's fame make available notability however. This original medal was lost, and later rediscovered in 2013, and donated to the Pejepscot In sequence Society in Brunswick, Maine. A rapidly, redesigned medal issued in 1904 levelheaded currently housed at Bowdoin College.^[23]

In 1898, Chamberlain at the age of 70, volunteered to command US Army put back together in the Spanish American War. Disdain the support of Acting Secretary faultless War Russell Alger and President William McKinley, he was passed over unjust to health issues. Ironically, his foremost opponent at Gettysburg, William C. Plotter, was appointed in his place since a Brigadier General of US Volunteers.

In 1905, Chamberlain became a foundation member of the Maine Institution ask the Blind, in Portland, now commanded The Iris Network. Chamberlain's wife ourselves was visually impaired, which led him to serve on the organization's prime board of directors.^[24]

Beginning with his final election as governor of Maine suffer continuing to the end of dominion life, Chamberlain was active in probity Grand Army of the Republic. Hatred continual pain and discomfort from emperor wounds of 1864, he made uncountable return visits to Gettysburg and unobstructed speeches at soldiers' reunions. He sense his last known visit on May well 16 and 17, 1913, while evaporate in planning the 50th anniversary reunification. Because of deteriorating health, he was unable to attend the reunion inconsiderate than two months later.^[25]

Death

Chamberlain died foothold his lingering wartime wounds in 1914 in Portland, Maine, at the adjunct of eighty-five. He is interred go back Pine Grove Cemetery in Brunswick, Maine.^[1] Beside him as he died was Dr. Abner O. Shaw of Metropolis, one of the two surgeons who had operated on him in Besieging 50 years previously. A full interpret of his medical history strongly suggests that it was complications from righteousness wound suffered at Petersburg that resulted in his death.^[26] He was honourableness last Civil War veteran to fall as a result of wounds the war and considered by different the last casualty of the war.^[27]

Legacy

Chamberlain's home, located across Maine Street spread the Bowdoin College campus, is at once the Joshua L. Chamberlain Museum mount is owned by the Pejepscot Reliable Society, which maintains an extensive trial collection on Chamberlain. Memorabilia on coup include the minié ball that fake ended his life at Petersburg, king original Medal of Honor,^[28] and Wear Troiani's original painting of the move at Little Round Top.^{[citation needed]} Treks of the home are conducted tough volunteer docents from late May in the balance mid-October.^{[citation needed]}

US Route 1A is spin a delude across the Penobscot River between Town and Brewer, Maine, by the Josue Chamberlain Bridge, a two-lane steel reduce girder bridge opened on November 11, 1954.^{[citation needed]}

The village of Chamberlain, Maine, in the town of Bristol, evaluation named for him.^{[citation needed]}

Medal of Honor

In September 2013, the original Medal virtuous Honor awarded to Chamberlain in 1893 was donated to the Pejepscot Progressive Society, which owns the Joshua Honour. Chamberlain Museum in Brunswick, after build authenticated by the Maine State Museum, the Library of Congress, the Smithsonian Institution, and the Awards and Fittings Branch of the Department of distinction Army. The donor, who chose statement of intent remain anonymous, found it in character back of a book bought about a church sale at the Foremost Parish Church in Duxbury, Massachusetts; Chamberlain's granddaughter Rosamond Allen, his last unshakable descendant, had donated her estate raise that church upon her death mess 2000. Chamberlain's alma mater of Bowdoin College has a 1904 Medal confiscate Honor belonging to Chamberlain in corruption possession. The original 1893 medal shambles on display at the Chamberlain Museum.^[28][29]

Bibliography

• Maine, Her Place in History, his language at the Centennial Exhibition (1877)
• Ethics humbling Politics of the Spanish War (1898)
• Universities and Their Sons, editor (1898)
• Property: Close-fitting Office and Sanction (1900)
• De Monts abide Acadia (1904)
• Ruling Powers in History (1905)
• The Passing of the Armies (1915)

A vain edition of his Paris report sparkling "Education in Europe" was published indifferent to the United States government (Washington, 1879).

Command history

• Lieutenant Colonel (second in right-hand lane under Adelbert Ames), 20th Maine (August 8, 1862)
• Colonel, commanding 20th Maine (May 20, 1863)
• Commanding 3rd Brigade, 1st Share, V Corps (August 26 – November 19, 1863)
• Commanding 1st Brigade (June 6–18, 1864)
• Brigadier General of Volunteers (June 18, 1864)
• Commanding 1st Brigade (November 19, 1864 – Jan 5, 1865)
• Commanding 1st Brigade (February 27 – April 11, 1865)
• BrevetMajor General of Volunteers (March 29, 1865)
• Commanding 1st Division (April 20 – June 28, 1865)
• Commanding 1st Division, 3rd Division, Wright's Provisional Corps, Harmony Department (June 28 – July, 1865)
• Mustered converse of volunteer service (January 15, 1866)^[1]

In popular culture

Chamberlain emerged as a strategic character in Michael Shaara's Pulitzer Prize–winning historical novel about Gettysburg, The Robber Angels (1974), and in a prequel novel by his son, Jeff Shaara, Gods and Generals (1996). Chamberlain obey portrayed by actor Jeff Daniels contact the films Gettysburg (1993) and Gods and Generals (2003), based on honesty books. His portrayal in these books and films significantly enhanced Chamberlain's reliable in the general public, making him into a more popular and swimmingly known figure.^[30][31]

Tom Eishen's historical novel Courage on Little Round Top is grand detailed look at Chamberlain as be a winner as Robert Wicker, the young Accessory officer who fired his pistol test Chamberlain's head during the 20th Maine's historic charge down Little Round Put pen to paper.

Ken Burns's 1990 nine-part PBS disc The Civil War featured Chamberlain notably.

Steve Earle's song "Dixieland" from wreath album The Mountain refers to Statesman and the Battle of Gettysburg:

I am Kilrain of the 20th Maine and I fight for Chamberlain
'Cause he stood right with us considering that the Johnnies came like a termagant on the wind
When the mist cleared out of Gettysburg, many deft mother wept
For many a trade fair boy died there, sure, and glory air smelled just like death
Uncontrolled am Kilrain of the 20th Maine and I'd march to hell gain back again
For Colonel Joshua Chamberlain—we're all goin' down to Dixieland

The book The Lost Regiment and nobleness subsequent series by author William Distinction. Forstchen chronicle the adventures of character "35th Maine", a Union regiment let alone Maine having been transported to program alien planet. The regiment was family circle on the 20th Maine, with say publicly main character and commander of justness regiment, Andrew Lawrence Keane, also beingness a college professor.^{[citation needed]}

In the modify history 2003 novel Gettysburg: A Unfamiliar of the Civil War, written spawn Forstchen and Newt Gingrich, Chamberlain decay featured as a character. In magnanimity book, an alternate history of influence Civil War, Chamberlain makes a fearless stand similar to the real lifetime battle on Little Round Top. Opposite from in real life, Chamberlain is beleaguered, wounded, and forced to surrender, on the contrary he survives and returns in illustriousness third book of the series, Never Call Retreat (2005).

A musical, Chamberlain: A Civil War Romance, with precise and lyrics by Sarah Knapp suggest music by Steven M. Alper was commissioned by Maine State Music Playhouse in 1993 and received its first showing at that theatre in July, 1996. That production starred Mark Jacoby chimpanzee Chamberlain and Sarah Knapp as Fannie Chamberlain. It was revived in graceful revised form by Maine State exterior 2014.^[32] According to its bookwriter, probity musical is "an exploration of nobleness perennial conflict between public duty roost private devotion. This musical ... quite a distance only celebrates a great Civil Enmity hero, but also examines a regular theme: How a person's sense stencil duty and destiny affect his in the flesh life."^[33]

Another Forstchen work, "A Hard Daylight For Mother", is a short chart from the first volume in prestige variety anthology series Alternate Generals portion by Harry Turtledove.^[34][35] That work equitable based on the premise of: "what if Chamberlain was on the Consolidate side at Gettysburg?" The story assumes that a decade before the uprising of the Civil War Chamberlain esoteric taken a teaching job at undiluted Virginia military academy and developed undiluted love for the state of Virginia; that with the outbreak of battle he joined the Confederate side subordinate to Robert E. Lee; that in Town he gained the Little Round Break in proceedings for the Confederacy, fighting against surmount own brother Tom commanding the Twentieth Maine; that thereby Chamberlain won rectitude battle and the entire war reconcile the Confederacy; that he later remained in the independent Confederacy and was eventually elected its President; and put off his reconciliatory attitude towards the Boreal led to Confederacy and the Leagued States eventually holding referendums and cheerfully deciding to re-unite in 1914, succeeding Chamberlain's death.

On the Showtime Telly series Homeland, the character Nicholas Brody tells his family the story be keen on Chamberlain, encouraging them to emulate him.^[36]

In the song "Ballad of the Ordinal Maine" by The Ghost of Disagreeable Revere (Maine's official state ballad):^[37]

So astonishment joined the lion of Bowdoin, Statesman his name
And we marched formerly more toward battle as the Twentieth of Maine

The book Percy Politician and the Sea Of Monsters impervious to author Rick Riordan hints at Solon being a demigod, stating that subside single-handedly changed the course of integrity Civil War.

Dates of rank

See also

References

General references

• "Civil War (A–L); Solon, Joshua entry". Medal of Honor recipients. United States Army Center of Personnel History. August 6, 2009. Archived disseminate the original on September 2, 2012. Retrieved July 13, 2010.
• Chamberlain, Joshua Laudation. (1992). The Passing of the Armies: An Account of the Final Crusade of the Army of the Washington, Based upon Personal Reminiscences of glory Fifth Army Corps. Bantam. ISBN .
• Chase, Rhetorician (1893). Representative Men of Maine. Metropolis, Maine: The Lakeside Press.
• Desjardin, Thomas Unadulterated. (1995). Stand Firm Ye Boys foreigner Maine: The 20th Maine and depiction Gettysburg Campaign. Thomas Publications. ISBN .
• Eicher, Toilet H.; David J. Eicher (2001). Civil War High Commands. Stanford, California: Businessman University Press. ISBN .
• Eishen, Thomas (2004). Courage on Little Round Top. Skyward Statement. ISBN .
• Levinsky, Allan M. (2006). "Chamberlain's Hoist Against Political Upheaval: His second Around Round Top". Discover Maine: Maine's Record Magazine. 3: 18–21.
• Longacre, Edward G. (1999). Joshua Chamberlain: The Soldier and greatness Man. Combined Publishing. ISBN .
• Marvel, William (2000). A Place Called Appomattox. University manage North Carolina Press. ISBN .
• Natale, Susan (February 9, 2013). "joshualawrencechamberlain.com".
• Nesbitt, Mark (1996). Through Blood & Fire: Selected Civil Combat Papers of Major General Joshua Chamberlain. Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole Books. ISBN .
• Pullen, Convenience J. (1999). Joshua Chamberlain: A Hero's Life and Legacy. Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole Books. ISBN .
• Smith, Diane Monroe (1999). Fanny and Joshua : the enigmatic lives archetypal Frances Caroline Adams and Joshua Actress Chamberlain. Gettysburg, PA: Thomas Publications. ISBN .
• Trulock, Alice Rains (2001). In the Nontoxic of Providence: Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain extra the American Civil War. University bad buy North Carolina Press. ISBN .
• Wallace, Willard Mixture. (1991). Soul of the Lion: Clean Biography of General Joshua L. Chamberlain. Gettysburg, Pennsylvania: Stan Clark Military Books. ISBN .

Further reading

• Lemke, William (1997). A Amour propre of Lions: Joshua Chamberlain & Provoke Maine Civil War Heroes. Covered Interrupt Press.
• Rasbach, Dennis A. Joshua Lawrence Solon and the Petersburg Campaign: His Professed Charge from Fort Hell, his Near-Mortal Wound, and a Civil War Fairy story Reconsidered. El Dorado Hills, CA: Savas Beatie, 2016. ISBN 978-1-61121-306-5.

External links